Amazi meza n'ubwiherero bufite isuku kuribose ni igice cy'ingenzi mu ntego z'iterambere rirambye. Ibihugu byo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara byugarijwe n'umwanda mu mazi n'ubushobozi bucye bw'ibikorwaremezo bitunganya amazi yanduye. Mu Rwanda, ubwiyongere bukabije bw’abaturajye, kwaguka kw’imijyi n’iterambere ry’inganda byongereye amazi mabi mu buryo burenze ubushobozi bw’ibikorwaremezo bitunganya amazi yanduye. Mu myaka mirongo itatu ishize, amazi yakoreshejwe mu bikorwa binyuranye yabaye isoko y’umwanda wangiza ubutaka, amazi y’urubogoboga mu bishanga, imigenzi, inzuzi, ibiyaga no mu butaka bw'ikuzimu, hamwe n’urusobe ry’ibinyabuzima. Ingorane zigaragazwa n’abashakashatsi ni ukutagira uburyo buhuriweho mu guhuriza hamwe amazi yanduye no kuba uburyo budahuriweho butabasha gukemure ikibazo cy’isukurwa ry’amazi yanduye. Ibi bituma ingaruka zikomaka ku mazi yanduye zakwibasira igihugu. Mu kwirinda ingaruka zikomoka ku mazi yanduye, abashakashatsi batanga inama zikurikira: (i) Kongerera ubushobozi ibikorwa remezo bitunganya amazi yanduye no kubibungabunga; (ii) Guteza imbere hanga-udushya n’ikoranabuhanga ryakwifashishwa n’abaturajye ubwabo kandi rikita ku miterere y’ubutaka bw’igihugu; (iii) Gukangurira abaturajye (abajyenerwabikorwa) kwishakamo ibisubizo no kugira uruhare mu kubungabunga amazi; (iv) Kujyanisha n’igihe ibipimo ngenderwaho mu kugenzura imyanda yo mu mazi.

Imikoresherezwe y'uburyo buhuriwero n'ubudahuriweho mu gukusanya imyanda no kwirinda ingaruka ziterwa n'amazi yanduye. Photo credit: Athirah et al. 2019. 

Isoko y’amakuru

Manirakiza B, Gbadegesin LA, Nsabimana A, Bagaragaza R. 2020. Review on trends of wastewater pollution and treatment system challenges: A case study of Rwanda, East Africa. North American Academic Research. 3: 219–263. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4284096.

Athirah A, Al-Gheethi AAS, Noman EA, Radin Mohamed RMS, Mohd Kassim AH. (2019). Centralised and decentralised transport systems for greywater and the application of nanotechnology for treatment processes. In: Radin Mohamed R, Al-Gheethi A, Mohd Kassim A (eds) Management of Greywater in Developing Countries. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 87. Springer, Cham (pp 227–244). DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-90269-2_12.